During the change of seasons, our ENT clinic often sees anxious parents with their children in their arms. There is no other reason than that the child cries sporadically in the middle of the night, complaining of ear pain or pointing his finger at his ear. After a careful medical history, the child often has a history of nasal congestion and runny nose or upper respiratory tract infection, and the examination reveals that the child has acute otitis media, and some even have purulent discharge or a combination of secretory otitis media. Acute otitis media in children is a common childhood disease, and if not treated promptly and effectively it is likely to develop into secretory otitis media, the result of which can be hearing loss, causing a great impact on the life and learning of the affected child. Why are children prone to acute otitis media? The eustachian tube of children is short, wide and straight, and horizontally positioned. In addition, children’s own resistance is poor, so they are very susceptible to upper respiratory tract infections that lead to increased nasal secretions or vomiting, coughing or excessive nose-blowing force that leads to congestion and swelling of the mucous membrane of the eustachian tube and impaired cilia movement, so bacteria can easily reach the middle ear and cause acute otitis media. The pathogenic bacteria can also invade the middle ear through the eustachian tube when swimming or diving in unclean water or improperly rinsing the nasal cavity. In addition, if you dig your ears improperly and accidentally destroy the mucosa of the external ear canal or the eardrum, bacterial infection can also spread to the middle ear cavity, which can lead to otitis media. If acute otitis media is diagnosed without purulent discharge, it is necessary to: (1) control the infection with a sufficient amount of systemic antimicrobial agents; (2) apply medication drops: put about 3 drops of levofloxacin ear drops into the affected ear upwards, press the ear screen several times to allow the medication to enter the middle ear cavity and keep it for about 10 minutes (ear bath) three times a day; (3) use nasal drops containing ephedrine or nasal hormones to reduce swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa: itself (4) If there is a combination of secretory otitis media, anti-allergic medication and pro-discharge agents such as pediatric Ginoton or Mucosolvan oral solution should be added; (5) Timely follow-up: to avoid complications; (6) Daily care: do not enter the ear when bathing or washing hair; avoid lying down when the child drinks milk; for small children, parents can help to remove mucus from the nasal cavity. (7) Prevention: Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination is available. If the child has obvious purulent secretions, the pus should be collected and sent for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity to find the appropriate antibacterial drug in time, and the pus should be washed away with 3% hydrogen peroxide each time before using the ear drops.