The causes of hiccups are physiological and pathological. Physiological causes are mainly regulated, such as deep breathing, distraction, etc. Pathological causes need medication, such as reflux esophagitis, functional dyspepsia, and sometimes surgical treatments, such as esophageal cancer, mediastinal tumors, etc. Part of the esophageal cancer may need radiotherapy. 1. Physiological causes and treatment: such as eating too fast, eating stimulating food, etc.. Generally, no medication is needed, which can be relieved by deep breathing and diversion of attention. 2. Pathologic causes and treatment: (1) Drug treatment: if reflux esophagitis can have symptoms such as acid reflux, heartburn, etc., drugs such as omeprazole and mosapride can be given to relieve it; if functional dyspepsia can also have symptoms such as belching, loss of appetite, etc., drugs such as domperidone and compound digestive enzymes can be given. (2) Surgical treatment: if esophageal cancer can have symptoms such as dysphagia, hoarseness, etc., there are surgical methods such as transabdominal, right thoracic two-incision esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, etc. Radiation therapy is usually chosen for upper esophageal cancer; if mediastinal tumor can have symptoms such as tightness in the chest, chest pain, dyspnea, etc., there are surgical methods such as conventional thoracotomy, mediastinoscopy-guided tumor resection. If there are hiccups, which are not relieved by conditioning or accompanied by other symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor to clarify the cause and then give corresponding treatment measures.