Encephalitis in children is usually caused by infection of the brain parenchyma by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycoplasma. Bacteria, viruses, Mycoplasma tuberculosis and mycoplasma can be transmitted through the bloodstream, as well as through otitis media, mastoiditis, and extruded venous reflux in the dangerous triangle of the nose, etc. These pathogens enter the cranium through these abnormal pathways and colonize and multiply inside the cranium, resulting in inflammation of the brain tissues and causing a series of clinical symptoms. The child’s nervous system is not well developed and the blood-brain barrier function is immature, so any acute infection in any part of the body that is not controlled in a timely manner may cause encephalitis in the child. If a child develops encephalitis, it is recommended that he or she go to the hospital in a timely manner and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor to promote symptomatic relief.