Schizophrenia is a group of severe psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology, mostly with a slow or subacute onset in young adults, often manifesting clinically as a syndrome of varying symptoms involving multiple impairments in perception, thinking, emotion and behavior, as well as incoordination of mental activities.
Patients are conscious on a daily basis and have mostly normal intelligence, but some patients may develop cognitive impairment during the course of the disease.
The course of the disease is generally prolonged, with recurrent episodes, exacerbations or deterioration, and some patients eventually experience decline and mental disability, but some patients can remain cured or largely cured after treatment.
Schizophrenia is a clinical syndrome consisting of a cluster of symptoms, and it is a multifactorial disorder.
Although the etiology is not well understood, family inheritance, personality disorders (introversion, withdrawnness, stubbornness), and frequent life (psychological) shocks may be etiologic factors.
Adolescent schizophrenia develops during adolescence and is characterized by significant thinking, affective and behavioral disorders. Typical manifestations are scattered and broken thinking, childish emotional and behavioral reactions, and may be accompanied by fragmentary hallucinations and delusions; some patients may show hyperactive instinctive activities, such as increased appetite and sexual desire. Patients with this type have a low age of first onset, rapid onset, significant impairment of social functioning, and generally a poor prognosis.
There are several perspectives on the so-called first presentation.
1. The first visit to the psychiatry department reveals schizophrenia. That is, 15 years old, 50 years old to see a doctor are counted;
2, the children were found to be schizophrenic when they did “counseling”;
3.The police suspect schizophrenia when handling a case;
4, medical and surgical doctors found their patients suffering from neurological disorders at the same time.
The first time, once found, immediately treated
however, is often delayed. Causes of aversion.
1, parents do not recognize, fear is neurological disease, drag ;
2, medical and surgical doctors just ask for a consultation, or a simple, short course of medication, delay ;
3, psychological counselors have to “treat” children’s psychological problems, the “scientific” delay;
4, social groups instead of psychiatrists treatment, such as: religious, traditional cultural brainwashing, sent to the military …… etc., as a last resort, delayed.
What to do?
Antipsychotic medication is the treatment of choice for schizophrenia, and medication should be systematic and standardized, emphasizing early, adequate dosage and full course of treatment, paying attention to the principles of single and individualized medication. Second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics such as risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, etc. are generally recommended as first-line drugs. First-generation and atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine are used as second-line drugs. Some patients in the acute phase or with poor outcome can be treated with electroconvulsive therapy in combination.
Ten to 20% of patients with schizophrenia are ineffective in treatment and are referred to as refractory schizophrenia.
Treatment recommendations.
Believe in science
no superstitious beliefs
No subjective assumptions
Systematic treatment
Early treatment
Patience treatment
Strenuous treatment ……