Common thyroid disorders include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and thyroid nodules. Inflammatory lesions of the thyroid gland that are immune-related are Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and those associated with infectious lesions are subthyroiditis. The difference between the two is that Hashimoto’s thyroiditis images are diffuse and echogenic with scattered hypoechoic areas. Subthyroidism has a history of infection, is done with tenderness, and the echogenic presentation is unilateral or bilateral lobes with localized hypoechoic areas, less well-defined borders, and sometimes richer blood flow, which can help differentiate it. There are benign and malignant nodular lesions of the thyroid gland. The most common benign nodules are nodular goiter and adenoma. The most common malignant lesion is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nodular goiter is frequent, with clear borders and cystic changes. Adenomas are solitary with an envelope and surrounded by blood flow. The most common thyroid cancer is papillary thyroid carcinoma with low echogenicity, aspect ratio greater than 1, no obvious envelope, and microcalcifications.