Valve thickening is mainly caused by heart valve disease. As the cardiovascular system ages, the heart valves and their stents undergo degenerative changes, fibrosis and calcification due to the long-term impact of blood flow, resulting in thickening of the valves and loss of elasticity. Valve thickening is a type of heart disease in which the heart valves lose their one-way valve function due to valve thickening, deformation, adhesion, calcification and rupture. Heart valve disease can cause stenosis or insufficient closure of the heart valves so that the blood cannot flow through smoothly or backs up after it has flowed. Those who cannot flow through smoothly are called valvular stenosis, and those who back up after the blood has flowed are called valvular insufficiency. The causes of heart valve disease include rheumatic, congenital, ischemic, infection and trauma, etc. At present, heart valve disease caused by rheumatic disease still accounts for the majority in China. Heart valve disease is a common heart disease in Chinese people, accounting for about 30% of cardiac surgeries, with a male to female incidence ratio of about 1:1.5. Causes of heart valve disease include rheumatic, congenital, ischemic, infection and trauma, etc. At present, rheumatic disease-induced heart valve disease still accounts for the majority of heart valve disease in China, but with China’s social development, improvement of the economic level, the popularization of medical precautions and the increasing aging, the old age degenerative valve disease and ischemic heart valve disease are increasing.