Meniscal injury is a common disease of the knee joint. Arthroscopic meniscal injury repair has the characteristics of less trauma, less bleeding, shorter hospital stay, lower chance of joint adhesions and faster recovery, and its preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation exercises are important for the efficacy of the surgery.
During hospitalization.
A. Postoperative anesthesia wore off (6h): quadriceps exercise [1] and ankle pump exercise training [2].
B, postoperative day 1: inclusion of element A, straight leg raise exercise training [3], alternating.
C, postoperative day 3: containing the content of B, knee flexion exercise training [4], alternately.
D, postoperative day 4: containing the contents of C, downward walking exercises [5].
E. 7 days after surgery: daily walking time <20 minutes to avoid bleeding from the trauma in the joint cavity.
After discharge from hospital.
A, from day 8 to 2 months postoperatively: continue to consolidate the functional exercises performed during hospitalization and gradually increase the amount of activity and weight-bearing capacity of the affected limb.
B. Most patients can basically resume knee activities 2 weeks after surgery, and can fully recover 4 to 6 weeks after surgery. During this period, patients are encouraged to perform exercises such as bicycle walking, walking and swimming in situ as much as possible, and cannot perform running and jumping activities until the knee function is fully recovered.
C. After 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively, all moderate sports activities can be performed, and athletes can start training 3 months after surgery.
D. Reasonable work and rest schedule, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, avoid overexertion caused by intra-articular effusion.
E, eat more high protein (such as dairy products, soy products, meat, etc.), high calcium (seafood, dairy products, etc.), high fiber (celery, leek, etc.) diet, eat more fruits, drink more water to enhance the body’s resistance.
F. Come to the outpatient clinic for review 1 week after discharge, and then regular outpatient review until 2 months after surgery.
Notes.
【1】 Quadriceps exercise training: lay the thigh flat on the bed, make the thigh muscle tense, insist on l0-15 seconds and then relax, l0 times/group, 3-4 groups/day, to promote venous blood return of the affected limb, reduce swelling of the lower limb and decrease the incidence of venous embolism.
【2】 Ankle pump exercise training: ankle dorsiflexion, knee straightening, contraction of quadriceps muscle. An effective indicator is the upward movement of the patella, which lasts 3-5 seconds and then relaxes once, 10 times/group, 3-4 groups/day, in order to enhance the muscle strength of the affected limb and promote blood circulation.
[3] Straight leg raise exercise training: lying down, the healthy side knee flexion, the affected side knee straight, the ankle joint to maintain the functional position, slowly raise the leg and the bed into 30 ~ 4O degrees, air pause 3 ~ 5 seconds, 20 ~ 30 times / group, 3 ~ 4 groups / day.
【4】 Knee flexion exercise training: that is, the patient sits on the edge of the bed, the legs hang down naturally, place the affected leg in front of the calf on the healthy side, gently press backward, gradually increase the flexion angle to tolerate, generally flexion > 100 degrees can be maintained for 1 minute or more, to avoid joint stiffness.
【5】 Step on the healthy limb first, then on the affected limb, use the strength of the quadriceps to drive the thigh to walk, and try to flex the knee when flexing. When the pain is tolerated, stand on crutches and get out of bed to walk for a short distance, but the walking time should be ≤ 5 minutes at the beginning, and then gradually increase to 10 minutes, gradually, to promote local blood circulation.