1.Mirror axis pivot principle: the laparoscope, target target and monitor constitute the central axis of the whole operation. Personnel standing and puncture holes should be designed and implemented around this central axis. 2, flat elbow standing principle: adjust the operating table so that the height of the anterior abdominal wall after the artificial pneumoperitoneum is level with the operator’s 90-degree elbow flexion, which can minimize the operator’s fatigue during operation and is most consistent with the basic principles of ergonomics. 3, the principle of equal length of the upper limb: the length of the operating table above the fixed point of various cables (suction line, electric knife line, optical cable, camera cable, etc.) and the operator’s upper limb, roughly equal to the operator’s height minus 100 cm. 4, triangle distribution principle: the laparoscope and the operator’s left and right hand operation holes are distributed as far as possible into an inverted plane equilateral triangle, other auxiliary operation holes around the core triangle according to the needs of the operation flexible cloth holes. 5, 60 degrees cross-angle principle: refers to the operator’s left and right hand instruments in the target with the operation of the cross-angle closer to 60 degrees is more in line with ergonomic principles. 6.Bottom-up principle: Since the visual access of laparoscopic surgery is shifted by 90 degrees from the view center of traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery starts from directly underneath the target to its anterior lower and posterior lower dissection, while open surgery starts from directly in front of the target to its anterior lower and anterior upper separation dissection. 7, the principle of gradient coagulation: the use of electric knife, ultrasonic knife and other electrosurgical equipment coagulation cut tubular tissue structure using 6-8-10 coagulation technique can make its broken end to form a longer protein coagulation gradient, as far as possible to reduce the risk of surgical complications due to intraoperative and postoperative pressure changes in the lumen of the broken end of the crust off. 8, the principle of blood supply conservation: when the main donor vessel of a target target is smaller than normal, the presence of its side branches, variant branches or penetrating branch vessels should be highly alert. 9, the principle of progressive stages: laparoscopic surgery should be carried out gradually in line with the principles of easy to difficult, simple to complex, step by step. Avoid the “great leap forward” when the basic skills are not solid, otherwise the “satellite” will not be released and become a “meteor”. 10, the principle of comprehensive optimization: that is, fully consider the actual condition of the patient, the operator has the skills and various objective material conditions, for each patient to optimize the design concept and surgical purposes, optimize the anesthesia and surgical methods, optimize the application.