Pediatric bile duct dilatation mainly manifests as abdominal pain, fever and jaundice, but not all children have all three symptoms at the same time, some children mainly manifest abdominal pain or only jaundice. In most cases, choledochal dilatation is detected during prenatal ultrasound examination. After birth, children need to be closely followed up, and if the cysts gradually increase in size without typical clinical symptoms, timely surgical treatment is more effective. Choledochal cysts lead to recurrent abdominal pain, and without clear diagnosis and timely treatment, they are prone to complicate cholangitis and biliary pancreatitis, which can jeopardize the life of the child.