In cases of unexplained low platelets, a bone marrow aspiration should be performed to determine the cause.
A variety of diseases can cause low platelets such as acute leukemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and myelodysplastic syndromes, which can be diagnosed or ruled out by bone marrow testing.
Extraction of bone marrow is performed by myelocentesis, a sterile technique that uses a puncture needle to puncture the bone marrow and extract a small amount of bone marrow fluid for examination. Bone marrow aspiration is indicated for unexplained enlargement of the liver and spleen lymph nodes, fever, and cachexia. Presence of naïve blood cells in the peripheral blood. Increase and decrease of blood cells in the peripheral blood.
Contraindications to bone marrow aspiration include patients with bleeding tendencies and hemophilia, those whose diagnosis can be confirmed by a peripheral blood test, and pregnant women in the middle to late stages of pregnancy. Bone marrow aspiration is generally safe and has no significant effect on health.
Unexplained low platelet count is an indication for bone marrow aspiration. In order to identify the cause of low platelet count, bone marrow aspiration should be performed for examination, to identify the cause of the disease and to provide timely treatment.