Esophageal varices are not necessarily advanced cirrhosis. Esophageal varices are caused by portal hypertension, which is an important complication of advanced cirrhosis, but not all portal hypertension is caused by cirrhosis, but also by venous cavernous metaplasia, pancreatic disease, and so on. A comprehensive diagnosis should be made in conjunction with the presence or absence of esophageal-fundus varices and portal hypertension. Perigastric vascular varices, lower esophagus, widening of portal vein, and intraesophageal and submucosal varices in the gastric fundus can be observed by abdominal CT. If in the advanced stage of cirrhosis, high portal pressure may cause complications of rupture and bleeding of the esophagogastric fundus veins. Patients with symptoms of esophageal varices should take timely and targeted treatment measures.