Ulcerative colitis (UC), the etiology of which has not yet been fully elucidated, is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colonic mucosa, often starting in the left hemocolon and progressing in a continuous manner to the proximal colon and even the whole colon. Clinical symptoms vary in severity and may alternate between remission and exacerbation, and patients may have only colonic symptoms or systemic symptoms. Since the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease have not been elucidated, the aim of medical treatment is to control acute attacks, relieve the disease, reduce recurrence, and prevent complications. The treatment depends on the extent and severity of the lesion, and mainly includes general treatment, nutritional support therapy, symptomatic treatment and drug therapy. 1.General treatment Rest, eat soft, easily digestible and nutritious food, and supplement multivitamins. In case of severe anemia, blood transfusion can be given, and in case of severe diarrhea, rehydration should be given to correct electrolyte disorders. 2.Medication Available lurasulfapyridine, Similac, Bitinol. For those with low part, the above oral drugs plus hydrocortisone can be used, retaining enema 1~2 times/day, and hemostatic drugs can be added for severe bleeding. For moderate and heavy cases, oral prednisone may be given, or hydrocortisone sodium succinate may be given intravenously, and the dosage may be gradually reduced after the symptoms improve. Sometimes it is necessary to add broad-spectrum antibiotics to control secondary infection. 3.Surgical treatment Intestinal perforation, severe bleeding, intestinal obstruction, cancer, multiple polyps, toxic megacolon, pericolonic abscess or fistula formation can be treated surgically.