Cesarean section is a surgical procedure in which a normal vaginal delivery is not possible and the fetus can only be removed from the uterine cavity by cutting open the abdominal wall and uterine cavity of the mother. The main steps are incision of the abdominal and uterine walls, delivery of the fetus in the cephalic or breech position, and complete removal of the placenta.
1. Incision of the abdominal wall and uterine wall: the incision is usually made from 4 to 5 centimeters below the umbilicus to the upper edge of the pubic symphysis, with a length of about 10 to 12 centimeters, or a curved incision is made in the lower abdomen; a transverse incision of about 3 centimeters is made in the uterine wall.
2. Delivering the fetus in the cephalic or breech position: puncture the membranes, make a curved incision to avoid damaging the large blood vessels on both sides, and deliver the fetus.
3. Complete removal of the placenta: add uterotonin if necessary to facilitate the removal of the placenta. It is important to monitor the vital signs routinely after the operation, pay attention to contractions and bleeding, and prevent venous thrombosis of the lower extremities.
Childbirth is a physiological process, encourage mothers to give birth naturally, but the choice of the appropriate mode of delivery needs to be comprehensive consideration of both maternal and fetal factors, when there are indications for caesarean section, mothers should not blindly insist on normal delivery. For the sake of the delivery process, mothers should adjust their dietary structure, control their rate of weight gain, take appropriate exercise during pregnancy, and go for prenatal check-ups on time.