With the improvement of social living standard and medical level, the incidence and detection rate of gallbladder polyps are showing an increasing trend, while people’s attitudes and treatment methods in the face of gallbladder polyps are different, most people seem too anxious or too relaxed. Here are two typical cases, first of all, the patient Xiao Peng (pseudonym), male, 35 years old, was found to have multiple polyps in gallbladder for six months, the larger one is 6.6*5mm, since the discovery of the lesion, he always feels the stinging pain in the right upper abdomen, and he is very worried about the transformation into gallbladder cancer, so he can’t sleep or eat, and he insists to have the gallbladder removed surgically. The patient, Ms. Zhang, 45 years old, was found to have a single polyp of gallbladder with size 5*6mm during physical examination 3 years ago, and the polyp was found to have increased to 11*9mm during re-examination 1 year ago, but she still did not pay attention to it. The diagnosis of primary gallbladder cancer with involvement of liver and hilar bile duct was made by MRI and CT, and the chance of surgical treatment was lost. Admittedly, both are not the right way to deal with it and both have adverse effects, the latter being more tragic, so how exactly should we treat gallbladder polyps? To properly face gallbladder polyps, we must first correctly understand gallbladder polyps. We are usually found by ultrasound examination of the gallbladder polyp full name should be gallbladder polyp-like lesions, is the concept of morphology and imaging diagnosis, refers to the origin of the gallbladder wall and protrude or bulge into the gallbladder cavity lesions. From the pathological point of view, they mainly include gallbladder polyps and gallbladder adenomas, the former are non-tumor polyps, such as cholesterol polyps and inflammatory polyps, while the latter are tumor polyps, which can become malignant and are precancerous lesions of gallbladder cancer. Cholesterol polyps of gallbladder are the most common, accounting for more than 95% of polyp-like lesions of gallbladder, mostly multiple, which are actually cholesterol crystals precipitated by supersaturation of cholesterol in bile, and will not become malignant, except for polyps of gallbladder neck, which have no obvious symptoms and usually do not require surgery. Medications are mainly used to regulate cholesterol metabolism and bile composition, but the results are not very satisfactory. Adenoma of the gallbladder is mostly solitary, polyps with a tip, which can be papillary or non-papillary in shape, with a malignant rate of about 30%, and the chance of cancer is positively correlated with the size of adenoma. Symptoms, gallbladder adenomas larger than 1 cm in diameter or larger than 5 mm in diameter with progressive enlargement should be treated surgically, and drug treatment cannot eliminate gallbladder adenomas. In brief, recurrent acute cholecystitis or chronic cholecystitis symptoms (vague pain in the right upper abdomen, epigastric fullness and discomfort, belching, etc.) that affect the quality of life for a long time should be treated surgically; single polyps with a diameter greater than 1 cm or a diameter greater than 5 mm and progressive increase in the size of the gallbladder should be treated surgically; those older than 50 years of age or combined with gallbladder stones have an increased chance of cancer and should be treated surgically; asymptomatic gallbladder adenomas with a diameter greater than 1 cm or a diameter greater than 5 mm and progressive increase in the size of the gallbladder should be treated surgically. Surgery is not necessary for asymptomatic polyps; after the discovery of gallbladder polyps, regular ultrasound follow-up examinations should be performed before surgical treatment. Looking back at the two cases mentioned earlier, Xiao Peng is a multiple polyp of gallbladder with no obvious symptoms, so there is actually no need to perform cholecystectomy, we should know that the gallbladder has functions, the most important of which is to concentrate and excrete bile. Bile is continuously secreted by the liver, and the normal adult liver secretes 600-1000ml of bile daily, 97% of which is water and electrolytes, while bile acid salts, which are mainly used for fat digestion and absorption, account for only about 3%. When we do not eat, the bile secreted by the liver mainly flows into the gallbladder, which absorbs water and electrolytes in the bile, thus increasing the concentration of bile acid salts in the bile; and when we eat, under the action of some neurohumoral factors, the gallbladder discharges the bile from the gallbladder into the small intestine to help digestion and absorption of fat. Therefore, after the gallbladder is removed, the manifestations of digestive insufficiency such as upper abdominal fullness, belching, diarrhea and even wasting can occur within 2 to 3 months, although most patients can compensate by bile duct dilation with the extension of time, while there are a few patients who can have symptoms for a long time. We are really sorry for Zhang, if she had been alert and had her gallbladder removed earlier, her life would have lasted a long time, but now it is coming to an end.