A 4cm mass in the head of the pancreas does not necessarily mean malignant tumor, but may also be caused by other diseases such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cysts. Imaging examination suggests that when there is a 4cm mass in the head of the pancreas, it does not necessarily mean that it is a malignant tumor, but may also be related to other pancreatic diseases such as chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cysts, etc., and attention should be paid to differentiation. The diagnosis of the disease needs to synthesize clinical symptoms, blood examination, imaging examination and pathology. 1. Pancreatic head cancer patients are easy to be accompanied by symptoms such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, weakness, jaundice, nausea and vomiting, etc. Those with family history of pancreatic head cancer should pay attention to it; serum tumor markers, enhanced CT and other examinations should be integrated, which are conducive to the diagnosis of the disease. 2. If it is chronic pancreatitis, it can be manifested as abdominal pain, steatorrhea, weight loss, diabetes and so on. 3. Pancreatic cysts may have no obvious symptoms, but some patients have a history of pancreatitis, which may be accompanied by abdominal pain, palpable abdominal mass, jaundice and other symptoms. In addition to the symptoms, it is necessary to combine with the medical history, other clinical examination programs and other comprehensive diagnosis. It is recommended that those with a 4cm mass in the head of the pancreas undergo further detailed examination to clarify whether it is a malignant tumor or a benign lesion. When the diagnosis of the disease is confirmed, attention should be paid to adjusting the mind and actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment.