Elbow hyperextension is defined as straightening the arm at an angle of more than 15° to the dorsal side. Normal elbow extension is characterized by mild valgus. Congenital malformations or traumatic injuries that result in elbow epiphyseal injuries or medial epicondylar fractures. Untreated or poorly recovered, the hyperextension angle exceeds the normal value and may be associated with inversion or eversion of the elbow. Patients with hyperextension of the elbow can be observed if there are no obvious symptoms such as joint instability or pain with mobility. If the above symptoms occur, complications arise and daily life is affected, it is necessary to go to the hospital to improve the relevant examination and may require surgical treatment. Trauma to the elbow joint should be treated in a timely manner and in accordance with the doctor’s instructions, which can effectively prevent the elbow joint hyperextension caused by bone healing deformity or ligament injury.