The cause of choking on water after thyroid surgery is considered to be due to injury to the superior laryngeal nerve, which is one of the common complications of thyroid surgery. The anatomical structure around the thyroid gland is complex, with abundant nerve and blood vessel routes, so there are often related complications. Supraglottic laryngeal nerve injury mostly occurs during surgical treatment of the upper pole of the thyroid gland. Because the supraglottic laryngeal nerve is close to the thyroid gland, it is difficult to identify it with the surrounding tissues, and it is easy to be ligated together with the surrounding tissues and become injured. The superior laryngeal nerve is responsible for the mucous membrane of the larynx, and after the injury, there is a loss of sensation of the mucous membrane of the larynx, which makes it easy to accidentally swallow and choke when eating, especially when drinking. If choking on drinking water occurs after surgery, it can be recovered after physical therapy, such as ultrashort wave therapy, infrared ray, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, swallowing function training, etc., which can effectively improve the symptoms. If there is any abnormality after thyroid surgery, inform the doctor in charge in time and follow the doctor’s instructions.