Pain in the testicles can be seen in many conditions, and treatment varies for different conditions. First of all, if there is sudden testicular pain, swelling, obvious tenderness or even refusal to apply pressure and other symptoms. This is usually a sign of testicular torsion and requires an emergency scrotal ultrasound to clarify whether there is blood flow obstruction, and if diagnosed, an emergency testicular torsion repositioning procedure is needed. Secondly, if the patient’s symptoms have been manifested as slight swelling and pain in the testicular area without obvious pressure pain, it may suggest that the patient has testicular syringomyelia and varicocele. Ultrasound examination of the scrotal area is also required, and if the diagnosis is confirmed, the appropriate surgical treatment can be performed at an early stage. If the patient has a history of acute mumps before the onset of the disease, has accidentally hit the testicles or has held urine or masturbated for a long time, it may indicate acute testicular epididymitis. This kind of situation requires antiviral treatment combined with anti-infection treatment, such as intramuscular injection of interferon, intravenous input of ceftriaxone anti-infection, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to elevate the scrotum to reduce swelling and pain, etc. Testicular pain should seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying treatment.