Emphysema is mainly manifested by thickened texture and disorganized structure of both lungs and increased permeability of the lungs on chest radiographs. Some chest radiographs of limited emphysema are easily confused with pulmonary alveoli, so care should be taken to distinguish them. Emphysema can be judged by pulmonary imaging, and once it forms, it is unrecoverable, and with increasing age, the disease will further worsen and combine with some other complications. Therefore, it is important to actively intervene and prevent the occurrence of emphysema. The etiology of emphysema is similar to that of chronic bronchitis, and patients have a history of smoking, long-term history of harmful particle inhalation, and chronic infection.