The cornea itself has no blood vessels and is in a relatively immunologically “pardonable” state, making corneal transplantation one of the most successful organ transplant procedures available. The incidence of immune rejection in normal corneal transplantation is less than 10%. Corneal transplantation has the lowest rejection rate of any human organ transplant. To briefly summarize the current situation, there are several types of corneal transplantation: 1. Normal lamellar corneal transplantation: mostly used to treat superficial corneal ulcers, scarring, recurrent keratitis, superficial corneal dystrophy, etc. After a successful transplantation, the implant can often be maintained for life without replacement. 2, deep lamellar corneal transplantation: mostly used to treat cone corneas, involving deep ulcers, scarring, inflammation and corneal dystrophy. Characterized by more complete replacement of diseased tissue with healthy corneas. Generally implants can also be maintained for life. 3, full penetrating corneal transplantation: mostly used for the treatment of cumulative corneal lesions in the whole layer, including corneal endothelial loss of compensation and corneal full-layer white scars and full-layer scars of ocular trauma. Attention needs to be paid to immune rejection in the early, middle and late stages after transplantation. Even if immune rejection does not occur after transplantation, the maintenance of the implant will often fail for more than a decade or decades. Re-transplantation is required. 4, corneal endothelial transplantation: mainly for the treatment of people with single corneal endothelial lesions, the chance of immune rejection is low. It is a minimally invasive procedure. The newly developed posterior elastic layer endothelial transplantation (DMEK) is the most reasonable and effective procedure among all corneal endothelial transplants, but it is more difficult to perform. 5.Partial lamellar keratoplasty: localized lamellar keratoplasty is performed only for the lesion. 6.Partial penetrating keratoplasty: treatment of a smaller area of full-layer corneal lesions with long-term preserved implants. 7, corneal surface lens surgery: can be used in the acute phase of acute cone corneal edema and other corneal bulging eyes, with the whole preserved corneal implants to cover the affected eye, can be reoperated at a later stage. 8, corneal rim stem cell transplantation: fresh allogeneic corneal rim stem cells are transplanted to the surface of the affected eye with chemical burns and other corneal rim stem cell deficiency, with a view to normal corneal epithelial layer growth.