Postoperative survival of intermediate and advanced kidney cancer varies from person to person and cannot be generalized. According to some studies, the 5-year survival rate of intermediate-stage patients is about 60% and the 10-year survival rate is about 20%; the 5-year survival rate of advanced kidney cancer patients is only 12%. Kidney cancer is a collective term for malignant tumors occurring in the kidney, including primary kidney cancer and secondary kidney cancer. Primary kidney cancer is the most common, and clear cell carcinoma accounts for about most of them. Its treatment mainly consists of surgical resection, and for middle and late stage patients, they need to receive adjuvant therapy (such as targeted therapy) after surgical treatment. The prognosis of renal cancer is related to pathological subtype, disease stage (size, metastasis, etc.), patient’s own condition, treatment effect, etc. Intermediate stage renal cancer refers to localized progressive renal cancer. Intermediate stage renal cancer refers to locally progressive renal cancer, and radical surgery is the main treatment for this patient group, and target therapy, immunotherapy and other auxiliary means are needed after surgery. For advanced kidney cancer, which is metastatic kidney cancer, the main treatment options are targeted therapy and immunotherapy. According to some domestic studies, the median overall survival of locally progressive renal cancer patients after radical surgery is 64 months, and the 3- and 5-year tumor-specific survival rates are 76.0% and 58.3%, respectively; and there are also studies saying that the 5-year survival rate of locally progressive renal cancer patients is about 60%, and the 10-year survival rate is about 20%. The prognosis of patients with advanced renal cancer is poor, and the 5-year survival rate is only 12%. In conclusion, there are many factors affecting the survival of postoperative renal tumors, so it is recommended to go to regular hospitals to evaluate the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions to avoid delaying the condition.