Patients with severe mitral stenosis (severe mitral stenosis if the mitral valve orifice area is <1cm² or the mean pressure gradient is >10mmHg or the pulmonary artery pressure is >50mmHg) with surgical indications can undergo percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty, mitral valvular disarticulation, prosthetic valve replacement, or mitral valve repair surgery. 1. Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty: only for patients with simple mitral stenosis. The balloon catheter is punctured from the femoral vein through the interatrial septum across the mitral valve, and the balloon is filled with a half-and-half mixture of saline and contrast medium to expand the valve orifice by separating the adhesions and fusions at the junction of the valve. 2. Mitral valve dissection: There are two types: closed and direct view. The indications for the closed type are the same as those for percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy, which is rarely used in clinical practice. The direct view type is suitable for those with severe calcification of the valve leaflets, lesions involving the tendon cords and papillary muscles, and thrombus in the left atrium. 3. Prosthetic valve replacement: this procedure can be considered for severe calcification and deformity of the leaflets and subvalvular structures; mitral stenosis combined with mitral valve insufficiency. 4. Mitral valve repair surgery: using the patient’s own tissue and some artificial substitutes to repair the mitral valve device, so as to restore its function. It is recommended that patients go to the hospital in time, under the guidance of the doctor, improve the relevant examinations and receive standardized treatment to avoid the progression of the disease.