Aspirin is a century-old drug, known as one of the three most important drugs in the history of medicine, and is very widely used in clinical practice. Many friends say, “I just have hypertension or hyperlipidemia, why does my doctor tell me to take aspirin for a long time? Aspirin is not only used in patients with coronary heart disease and stroke, it is also widely used as a primary prevention drug for people with three highs. The so-called primary prevention is the preventive use of drugs to prevent the occurrence of disease in the absence of disease, and the evidence for aspirin in the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is very strong. Several large clinical studies have demonstrated that aspirin significantly reduces the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality in both healthy and high-risk ASCVD populations, without significantly increasing bleeding events, demonstrating a clear benefit-risk balance for both. The Clinical Use of Aspirin in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Expert Consensus (2016) Edition guidelines recommend aspirin (75-100 mg/d) for primary prevention of ASCVD in the following 6 groups: hyperlipidemic patients with TC ≥7.2 mmol/L or LDL-C ≥4.9 mmol/L, aged ≥55 years; high-risk patients Patients with diabetes mellitus, age ≥50 years, with at least 1 of the following major risk factors: family history of early-onset cardiovascular disease (onset <55 years for men and <65 years for women), hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia (TC ≥5.2 mmol/L or LDL-C ≥3.4 mmol/L or HDL-C <1.04 mmol/L) or proteinuria (urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g); hypertensive patients with well-controlled blood pressure [<150/90 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] with at least 2 of the following 3 risk factors: age (≥45 years for men or ≥55 years for women), smoking, and low HDL-C (<1.04 mmol/L); patients with chronic kidney disease patients with chronic kidney disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-45 ml-min-1-1.73 m-2; those who do not meet the above criteria and also have at least 4 of the following 5 risk factors: age (men ≥ 45 years or women ≥ 55 years), smoking, family history of early-onset cardiovascular disease, obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2), and dyslipidemia. So, based on the above criteria, you know why doctors recommend aspirin for people with hypertension or diabetes. In order to improve the quality of life and prolong survival time, please apply aspirin under the guidance of your doctor in a standardized manner to bring you clear cardiovascular benefits.