When serum thyroid stimulating hormone is mildly elevated, there may be no clinical symptoms or discomfort such as malaise; when the condition is further aggravated, symptoms of hypothyroidism such as unresponsiveness, weight gain, and fear of cold may occur, and early medical consultation is recommended. Thyrotropin is an important hormone secreted by the pituitary gland, with a normal adult range of 0.35-5.5 μIU/ml. Its physiological role is to stimulate the development of thyroid cells, synthesize and secrete thyroid hormones. Its secretion is promoted by thyrotropin-releasing hormone and inhibited by growth inhibiting hormone, and is subject to negative feedback regulation by thyroid hormone. Elevated thyroid stimulating hormone is commonly seen in primary hypothyroidism, heterogenic thyroid stimulating hormone secretion syndrome, simple goiter, pituitary hyperfunction, and thyroiditis. When serum thyrotropin is elevated, it can be combined with T3 and T4 to make a comprehensive judgment and be treated under the guidance of a doctor.