According to information from the National Health Planning Commission, there are currently about 90 million people who are eligible for the full two-child policy in China, 60 percent are over 35 years old and 50 percent are over 40 years old. After the full two-child policy, the number of senior mothers will increase. With the implementation of the new fertility policy on January 1, 2016, many couples have already moved to actively prepare for pregnancy after the policy of full liberalization of the “two-child” policy has landed. However, the couples with the strongest desire to have children are basically “middle-aged”, and some have even reached the “age of destiny”. Age has become a hurdle in front of them. We understand that these senior women are eager to have a second child, but what do senior women need to pay attention to before having a second child? First: Women over 35 years old are generally considered to be of advanced reproductive age. In the 2015 Ovarian Reserve Testing Guidelines, the main screening test for women is ovarian reserve capacity, which is recommended for basal FSH+E2, or Mullerian tubular hormone (AMH) measurement and basal follicle count (AFC). Assessing a woman’s ovarian reserve capacity is actually an assessment of how many follicles are left in the ovary to be expelled, their quality, i.e., their ability to fertilize and develop into embryos, etc. More directly, it is an assessment of a woman’s fertility. At present, the more recognized ovarian reserve capacity assessment programs at home and abroad are the Mullerian tubular hormone (AMH) assay and the basal follicle early sinus follicle count (AFC) assay, which are more reliable in checking AMH because it is easier to draw blood and the operation is more easily standardized. AMH measures the number of 2mm-8mm sinus follicles in a woman’s ovary, a simple analogy: a woman’s mature follicles are like the ones that can grow into “The larger the number of fry, the greater the chance of developing into a “big fish” in the future. Second: As women age, the endocrine regulation axis of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis begins to decline, so firstly, we need to monitor the early follicular basal endocrine conditions (FSH LH E2 T PRL), and secondly, we need ultrasound to monitor whether ovulation is normal, and then we need to understand whether the luteal function is normal during the post-ovulatory luteal peak period, which can provide a good follicular These processes can provide a good environment for follicular development and early embryonic growth, which can have a significant impact on future fertility. Third: The natural monthly fertility of a normal woman is 20%-25% before the age of 30, but after the age of 35, the chance of natural conception may drop to about 16%-18% per month. Natural pregnancy can be tried, but there is a time limit. Usually, the time limit for couples aged 35-38 to conceive naturally is one year, 38-40 is six months, and those who try to conceive naturally for three months over 40 are unsuccessful, so it is recommended that the attempt to conceive naturally should not exceed six months, and if six months still does not result in conception, you should seek the help of a fertility specialist. Fourth: It is a well-recognized fact that the quality of oocytes decreases in older women, and that pregnancies at an advanced age are more likely to be associated with miscarriage and increased risk of pregnancy. It is necessary to strengthen monitoring before and during pregnancy, and to do a good pre-conception assessment and obstetric examinations during pregnancy to reduce pregnancy complications and promote the health of mother and child. As women age, find out if there are any underlying diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes and other underlying diseases, as well as heart, liver and kidney functions. These underlying diseases can affect the health of the fetus and the mother, and if so, wait for the condition to be controlled and stabilized before pregnancy. It is recommended to have a comprehensive medical examination before another pregnancy and actively control the existing diseases to avoid aggravation of these diseases during pregnancy and increase the adverse effects of dealing with these diseases on fetal development during pregnancy.