Ozone ablation is a minimally invasive treatment technique for disc herniation widely emerged from Europe, and since entering the 21st century, ozone ablation technique for disc herniation has been rapidly developed in China. After a lot of clinical research, its guiding method, puncture route, injection concentration and dose, post-injection imaging changes and its joint application techniques have been explored and excellent therapeutic effects have been achieved. Ozone has a special irritating odor and presents a fresh odor at very low concentrations. Since ozone (03) is composed of oxygen molecules carrying one oxygen atom, it is decided that it is only a temporary form, and the oxygen atoms carried are used up except for oxidation, and the remaining ones are combined into oxygen (O2) to enter the stable state. Therefore, ozone has unstable characteristics and strong oxidizing ability. The half-life of ozone is about 20-30 minutes at room temperature and normal state. Ozone for medical use has been very common in foreign countries, especially in Europe, and the ozone treatment items approved by SFDA in China include ozone treatment for skin diseases, cervicitis, various infections, colitis, refractory ulcers caused by diabetes, oral diseases, etc. Ozone ablation treatment for herniated disc is a newly emerged technology in China, which needs to be researched for standardized application methods and clinical technology promotion and application. Ozone can oxidize and decompose proteins and polysaccharide macromolecular polymers in the nucleus pulposus, so that the structure of the nucleus pulposus is destroyed. In patients with herniated discs with ruptured annulus fibrosus, as the liquid nucleus pulposus spills out from the rupture and spreads to the adjacent nerve roots, the glycoproteins and β-proteins of the liquid nucleus pulposus have strong chemical irritation to the nerve roots, and the liquid nucleus pulposus releases a large amount of histamine after contact with the nerve roots, causing chemical inflammation in the nerve roots lacking bundle nerves; in addition, the polysaccharide proteins and proteins of the nucleus pulposus have immunogenic properties after contact with the nerve roots In addition, polysaccharide proteins and proteins of the nucleus pulposus are immunogenic and can cause immune inflammation after contact with the nerve root. After ozone injection, ozone can specifically oxidize and “burn” the nucleus pulposus structure, astringent and solidify the liquid nucleus, eliminating the chemical irritation and immunogenicity of the nucleus pulposus, and at the same time, due to the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of ozone, the patient’s nerve root pain can be relieved immediately after injection into the nerve root periphery. The nucleus pulposus structure gradually atrophies and solidifies over time, and the most optimal results of treatment are obtained at 3 months. Ozone should be used with caution in hyperthyroidism because of its strong oxidizing effect and metabolic activation. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and silicosis should be considered as contraindications to ozone. Ozone ablation for herniated disc is a minimally invasive procedure with the advantages of safety, effectiveness, minimal damage and fast recovery. Among the surgical options for the treatment of disc herniation, ozone technology is popular and accepted by both doctors and patients, showing good prospects for the development of minimally invasive surgery.