What is the general knowledge of primary lower extremity deep venous valve insufficiency

Primary lower limb deep venous insufficiency can lead to lower limb edema, soreness, heaviness, weakness, itching, pain and other discomfort, and has the characteristics of light in the morning and heavy in the evening, aggravated after long walking and standing, and can cause superficial varicose veins, pigmentation, eczema-like changes, ulcer formation and other signs, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The relevant experts performed venous double-valve tubuloplasty on 247 patients with moderate-to-severe lower limb deep venous insufficiency, and achieved more satisfactory results. The diagnostic criteria: there is no unified diagnostic standard for primary lower limb deep venous insufficiency, and the following diagnostic criteria are formulated with reference to Clinical Vascular Surgery: 1, unilateral or bilateral lower limb concussive edema as the main manifestation, the duration of the disease is more than 3 months; 2, heavy, sore and distended feeling in the affected limbs, light in the morning and heavy in the evening, aggravated after long walking and standing, lying down or elevating 3, may or may not have lower extremity superficial varicose veins, subcutaneous capillary dilation, striated nodules; 4, may have pruritus, skin pigmentation in the boot area, increased skin temperature, eczema-like changes, bruising dermatitis, etc., or with healed skin ulcers; 5, lower extremity venous color Doppler ultrasonography or lower extremity venous non-invasive examination showed that there is deep venous valve insufficiency. Inclusion criteria: 1, meeting the diagnostic criteria; 2, age between 20 and 80 years; 3, CEAP clinical grading of 3-6, venous ultrasound suggesting common and superficial femoral venous regurgitation time greater than 3 seconds. Exclusion criteria: 1, secondary lower extremity deep vein valve insufficiency caused by diseases such as lower extremity deep vein thrombosis syndrome; 2, simple varicose veins not accompanied by deep vein valve insufficiency, etc.; 3, combined with serious primary diseases such as cardiac, cerebrovascular, hepatic, renal, hematopoietic system and endocrine system, psychiatric patients; 4, outside the age range; 5, the patient is not suitable for surgery by preoperative assessment or the patient refuses surgery, cannot cooperate with postoperative treatment and care. General data There were 241 patients with moderate to severe primary lower limb deep venous insufficiency (247 affected limbs), including 109 male patients and 132 female patients, aged 45-80 years, with an average age of 63.2 years, and with a disease duration of 1 to 40 years, with an average disease duration of 12 years. All of them met the clinical CEAP grading of 3-6, and all of them had one or several symptoms of discomfort such as soreness, heaviness, swelling, itching and weakness in the lower limbs, and could have signs such as varicose veins in the lower limbs, hyperpigmentation or eczema-like changes in the boot area, and healed or unhealed ulcers. Four of the patients had undergone saphenous vein stripping and three had undergone sclerotherapy injection. 247 affected limbs had moderate to severe deep venous regurgitation (common femoral vein and superficial femoral vein regurgitation time more than 3 seconds) by lower extremity venous ultrasound examination. 2. A longitudinal incision was made to reveal the common femoral vein valve and the first pair of valves of the superficial femoral vein. Two flat forceps were used to block both ends of the common femoral vein valve and to expel the blood flow in the valve area. After removing the proximal end of the block, rapid regurgitation of blood across the valve was seen, and the same method was used to confirm the presence of regurgitation in the superficial femoral vein valve. The 8 mm diameter Teflon artificial vessel was dissected longitudinally, 1-3 circular notches were cut on one side of the vessel, 1-3 deep femoral vein branches were snapped into the notches, and the artificial vessel was circumferentially wrapped around the common femoral vein valve, the bulge of the first pair of superficial femoral valves and the adjacent vein wall, and the artificial vessel was sutured with 5-0 sutures to reduce the vein diameter by about 6-8 cm. -The test confirms that the regurgitation of the common femoral vein valve and the first pair of valves of the superficial femoral vein is no longer present. If the common and superficial femoral veins are severely dilated, an artificial vessel patch can be applied to enlarge the diameter of the artificial vessel to avoid excessive annuloplasty of the venous valves. After successful double-valve tubuloplasty, high saphenous vein ligation with whole saphenous vein stripping and calf traffic branch ligation is performed, and endovenous laser coagulation is performed on the varicose saphenous vein branches in the calf. For some patients with mild to moderate saphenous vein reflux, high saphenous vein ligation plus intracavitary laser treatment of varicose veins was used. Postoperative treatment The affected limb was wrapped with compression bandage after surgery, and the patient was bedridden for three days and then moved to the ground to promote the functional recovery of the affected limb and prevent thrombosis. Immediately after the operation, the patient was given drugs to dilate blood vessels, improve circulation, activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis and anti-infection. Anticoagulation was given by subcutaneous injection of low molecular heparin 4000u 12 hours after surgery. The elastic bandage was released 7 days after surgery, and the stitches were removed from the inguinal incision in 10-12 days, and elastic stockings were worn after the removal of the stitches.