Constipation and congenital megacolon are closely related, but are not the same concept. Constipation is a symptom that can be caused by many different reasons and is not the name of a disease. In most cases, constipation in children can be resolved with appropriate dietary modification or simple therapeutic treatment, but in cases of persistent and severe constipation that does not improve with systematic treatment, the possibility of congenital megacolon should be considered. The incidence of congenital megacolon is about 1 in 5000, which means that one child with congenital megacolon may appear in every 5000 newborns. With the huge population base and birth rate in China, we can know that this is a common congenital disease that seriously affects children’s health. The main symptom of congenital megacolon is also constipation, but a careful mother will find that it is very different from the general functional constipation. The first distinctive feature is that constipation caused by congenital megacolon appears early, with normal newborns passing more dark green fetal stools within 6-12 hours after birth. The second characteristic of congenital megacolon is that constipation is very persistent, often taking 3-5 days to pass a stool, with some children even passing a stool only once every 1-2 weeks. Children with congenital megacolon may be relieved to a certain extent after dietary adjustment, Chinese and Western medication and other general care measures, but this improvement is often temporary and incomplete, and the overall trend is that the condition is getting worse. Parents should not relax their vigilance and delay treatment because of the slight relief of constipation. Congenital megacolon, if not diagnosed and treated in time, may lead to serious consequences, the most common of which is that the child’s nutritional status is greatly affected and development is delayed. Worse still, severe constipation can lead to dilated hypertrophy of the colon and eventual loss of function. Some children even suffer from life-threatening intestinal perforation due to excessive dilatation of the intestinal canal. Individual children can have dangerous small intestine colitis without any warning, when the child is constipated and passes a lot of fishy smelly watery stools, resulting in a high mortality rate. Young parents, if your baby has constipation. Be careful to observe the following points: 1, the child’s first fetal stool discharge time, if more than 24 hours, be alert to the possibility of congenital megacolon, promptly seek medical attention. 2. The symptoms of congenital megacolon vary from person to person, and there is a great deal of individual variation. Don’t think that since it is a congenital disease, it must be symptomatic at birth. Individuals with congenital megacolon are not properly diagnosed and treated until they are of school age or even later. Therefore, once the symptoms of constipation gradually worsen, you should seek medical attention promptly. In conclusion, congenital megacolon is a congenital disease unique to childhood, which is difficult to diagnose and treat, and often involves the coordinated consultation of pediatric surgery, internal medicine, gastroenterology, radiology and imaging, and pathology, etc. Parents of constipated children are advised to bring their children to a specialized hospital in a timely manner.