Only by examining the specific cause of herpes simplex can we effectively help patients to alleviate their condition. The tests include: 1) serological examination and detection of HSV antibodies; 2) PCR test: its sensitivity is high and the test report can be made within a few hours, which has become an important tool for clinical diagnosis of HSV infection or viral status; 3) cell culture: herpes simplex virus can be easily cultured in vitro and can produce visible cytopathic lesions, so cotton swabs can be used for sampling at the lesion or collecting cerebrospinal fluid The diagnosis can be made by inoculating cells with specimens of body fluids such as cotton swabs at the lesion or by collecting cerebrospinal fluid to isolate the virus in culture. Cellular immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques can be used to detect herpes simplex virus antigenic proteins, or in situ hybridization techniques can be used to detect their genetic components and further typing of HSV-1 and HSV-2.