Ulcerative colitis is a long-term chronic disease that is prone to recurrent episodes and usually requires adherence to long-term medication that can reduce disease recurrence. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic non-specific intestinal disease of unknown etiology, which may develop under the influence of various factors such as immunity, genetics and intestinal microecology. The disease has a long course, alternating between flare-ups and remissions, and is mostly recurrent. Treatment of the disease is based on drug therapy, and long-term medication is required for maintenance after inducing remission. Commonly used drugs include aminosalicylic acid preparations such as mesalazine and salazosulfapyridine and glucocorticoids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone. It is recommended to consult a doctor in time and strictly follow the doctor’s instructions when using the medication, and not to stop or change the medication arbitrarily. In addition to medication, it is also necessary to pay attention to maintaining healthy living habits and dietary hygiene.