The main early complications of total cystectomy in situ include urinary leakage, bowel leakage, sepsis, acute pyelonephritis, wound infection, dehiscence, prolonged bowel paralysis, bowel obstruction, and bleeding from the new bladder. The early complications all occur during the patient’s hospitalization and the physician will avoid, minimize and manage these complications. The main complications in the distant period are chronic metabolic acidosis associated with abnormal neobladder absorption, hyperkalemia and abnormal bone salt metabolism; poor bladder emptying, excessive residual urine volume, or ureteral anastomotic stenosis, resulting in dilated hydronephrosis of the upper urinary tract and impaired renal function. Postoperative patients must be reviewed regularly for life. The postoperative period is reviewed once a month for 3 months and every 3 months after 3 months.
The review includes bladder capacity, residual urine volume, voiding and incontinence, blood electrolyte changes, upper urinary tract morphology, and renal function status. Cystoscopy is done every 6 months to understand the recurrence of urothelial tumor. Eat vitamin-rich fruits and vegetables appropriately, supplement vitamin C and protein, and increase nutrition to enhance the body’s ability to resist diseases. It is important to take more water so that the toxins can be excreted from the body in time. Avoid eating spicy and stimulating foods such as chili, pancakes, fried fish, salted fish, etc. Quit bad habits, avoid active smoking and passive smoking, and quit alcohol.