Vascular calcification usually refers to abnormal calcium deposits in the walls of blood vessels. This causes the elastic fibers in the vessel wall to go lose their elasticity and become stiff, and the contraction and diastolic function of the blood vessels is then reduced, which may lead to a condition of local ischemia. Vascular calcification is common in patients with atherosclerotic disease, hypertensive disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. It can lead to myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and may even trigger thrombosis and atherosclerotic plaque rupture leading to acute heart or brain infarction.