Lumbar disc herniation is a diagnosis in Western medicine, and Chinese medicine does not have this disease name. The disease is one of the more common lumbar disorders in clinical practice, and is a common and frequent disease in orthopaedics and traumatology, mainly because the lumbar intervertebral discs (nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and cartilage plate), especially the nucleus pulposus, have degenerative changes to varying degrees. After degenerative changes of varying degrees in the nucleus, under the action of external factors, the fibrous ring of the disc ruptures and the nucleus pulposus protrudes (or exits) from the rupture in the posterior or spinal canal, resulting in stimulation or compression of the adjacent tissues, such as the spinal nerve root spinal cord, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms such as lumbar pain, numbness and pain in one or both lower limbs. 1, the cause of lumbar disc herniation are: (1) degenerative changes in the lumbar intervertebral disc: degeneration of the nucleus pulposus is mainly manifested as a decrease in water content, and can cause small-scale pathological changes such as instability and loosening of the push joints due to water loss; degeneration of the fibrous ring is mainly manifested as a decrease in the degree of toughness. (2) The effect of external force: the slight damage caused by long-term repeated external force acts on the lumbar intervertebral disc over time and aggravates the degree of degeneration. (3) Weakness of the disc’s own anatomical factors: the disc gradually lacks blood circulation and has poor repair ability after adulthood. On the basis of the above factors, some kind of triggering factor that can lead to a sudden increase in the pressure on the disc may cause the less elastic nucleus pulposus to pass through the fibrous ring that has become less tough, thus causing the nucleus pulposus to herniate. 2, lumbar disc herniation triggering factors can be; (1) sudden weight bearing or flash back, is the main reason for the formation of fibrous ring rupture. (2) lumbar trauma protrudes the degenerated nucleus pulposus. (3) Improper posture induces protrusion of the nucleus pulposus. (4) Protrusion of the nucleus pulposus can also occur when the abdominal pressure is increased. (5) Cold and moisture. Cold or humidity can cause small blood vessels to contract and muscles to spasm, which increases the pressure on the disc and may also cause the degenerated disc to crack. External factors are excessive weight bearing or rapid bending, lateral flexion, rotation to form a rupture of the fibrous ring, or lumbar trauma, improper posture in daily life and work, can also occur lumbar disc herniation. Lumbar herniation is mainly lower back pain and sciatica, and there is often a history of lumbar sprain, lumbar strain or cold in the lumbar region before the onset of the disease. This lumbar pain is aggravated by walking, standing, sitting and other activities, and can be temporarily relieved after bed rest. The pain in one or both lower limbs is radiating along the sciatic nerve distribution, along the buttocks to the back or outside of the thigh and the outside and back of the calf to the back of the foot or the sole of the foot, and in individual patients the pain can start in the calf or the outer ankle. In half of the patients, the pain in the lower extremity may be aggravated by coughing, sneezing or abdominal exertion. In patients with high lumbar disc herniation, the symptoms tend to manifest as pain in the groin area of the lower abdomen or the anterior medial thigh. In patients with giant central disc herniation, abnormal urination and defecation or incontinence, numbness in the saddle area, and foot drop in severe cases may occur. Some patients with lumbar disc herniation exhibit coldness in the lower limbs due to the stimulation of their lumbar sympathetic nerves, and some may also develop unilateral or bilateral lower limb edema. 3, conservative treatment of lumbar disc herniation: non-surgical treatment methods include bed rest, medication, lumbar traction, lumbar collar brake protection, massage, physiotherapy, etc. At present, various non-surgical treatment methods are often used clinically, mainly bed rest, lumbar perimeter brake protection, oral or topical anti-inflammatory and pain relief, blood circulation and blood stasis of Chinese and Western drugs, lumbar back muscle exercises, local heat physiotherapy and other measures. Bed rest and lumbar traction can make the lumbar muscles get sufficient rest, release muscle spasm, increase the vertebral space, and reduce the compression and stimulation of lumbar nerve roots by herniated discs or bone spurs; lumbar circumference and lumbar support can restrict the excessive activities of lumbar vertebrae and make the lumbar muscles get sufficient rest; drugs can effectively relieve the corresponding symptoms according to their different pharmacological effects; gentle massage and physiotherapy can accelerate the inflammatory edema, relax the muscles and improve the role of local blood circulation. All these methods can relieve the patient’s back and leg pain to a certain extent. Among them, rest in a hard bed is the most essential element to ensure the effectiveness of non-surgical treatment, and it is best for the patient to rest absolutely in bed for a period of time. Surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation Surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation has been developed over a long period of time and includes fusion, decompression and posterior surgery. In recent years, minimally invasive surgery has been carried out in large numbers.