How long a patient can live with left ventricular hypertrophy depends on the severity of the enlargement and the cause of the enlargement. Mild left ventricular enlargement generally does not affect life expectancy; significant left ventricular enlargement can lead to malignant arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation and acute left heart failure, which can be life-threatening at any time. The causes of left ventricular hypertrophy include ischemic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and hypertensive heart disease. Ischemic cardiomyopathy is mostly due to myocardial infarction that causes significant ventricular remodeling and enlargement of the heart; hypertensive heart disease is due to long-term hypertension that leads to increased cardiac afterload and reactive enlargement of the ventricle. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy should combine treatment of the primary disease to help better prevent further left ventricular hypertrophy; combine β-blockers, ACEI or ARB-type drugs to improve ventricular remodeling; and control the heart rate at 55-60 beats/min and blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg. Left ventricular hypertrophy daily should pay attention to diet, light diet, eat more vegetables and fruits, develop a good work and rest routine, and perform appropriate exercise.