Generally, we define the left lower abdominal area according to the nine-fraction method, that is, the abdomen is divided into three equal parts transversely and longitudinally to form a nine-fold pattern, and the left lower frame is the left lower abdomen. The organs corresponding to localized pain in the left lower abdomen include: the sigmoid colon, part of the descending colon, the left groin, the uterine adnexa in women, the ureteral segment, and the abdominal lymph nodes and abdominal wall, all of which can be target organs for disease.
Common diseases include diseases in the intestine. The sigmoid colon is tortuous and stool tends to accumulate in this area, so it is also a site of high incidence of colon polyps and colon cancer, and if abdominal pain is related to defecation and is accompanied by intermittent blood in the stool, one should be on high alert. Left-sided ovarian tumors in women may also cause localized pain in the left lower abdomen. If sudden and severe pain occurs, it is necessary to be alert to acute abdominal conditions such as ovarian tumor torsion and ectopic pregnancy. In addition, inguinal hernia, urinary stones, and common diseases such as abdominal wall injury should not be ignored.
In conclusion, the diagnosis of these diseases usually has more typical symptoms, and in combination with appropriate imaging and endoscopy, the diagnosis is often clear in the first instance.