Circumcision refers to the narrow opening of the foreskin, which cannot be turned up to reveal the head of the penis. Circumcision refers to a long foreskin, but can be turned up to reveal the head of the penis.
1, the hazards of circumcision and prepuce
(1) cause foreskin inflammation: foreskin itself secretions have bactericidal components, but, due to the moist and warm environment of the foreskin cavity, bacteria can be more likely to breed here. If the growth of bacteria exceeds the self-cleaning function of the foreskin, then inflammation of the foreskin may occur. The inner plate of the foreskin has many secretion glands, secretions can play a lubricating role, the accumulation of secretions, can not be properly cleaned and removed, will also be conducive to the reproduction of bacteria, resulting in foreskin inflammation.
(2) affect the development of the penis: cause sexual disharmony: affect the growth and development of the penis, in adolescence due to the head of the penis is firmly wrapped in the foreskin, do not get external stimulation, the development of the head of the penis is greatly constrained, resulting in the development of the sexual organ after the crown of the penis is significantly smaller circumference, affecting sexual pleasure. Adults will be due to the foreskin is too long or prepuce, affecting normal sex life. Especially for men whose foreskin caliber is too small, the foreskin cannot be recovered by turning it up, and the foreskin is firmly stuck in the coronal groove, becoming an embedded prepuce, which is not very painful. In serious cases, the glans will occur due to poor blood flow and edema, and even glans necrosis can occur.
(3) lead to inflammation of the penis: there are abundant sebaceous glands in the foreskin, which can secrete a large amount of sebum. When the foreskin or prepuce is too long, the secretions of the sebaceous glands within the foreskin cannot be discharged, and the sebum and urine precipitates are synthesized into the cheese-like and smelly “prepuce”. The foreskin scale is suitable for bacterial growth, so it can cause inflammation of the penis head and foreskin. The germs can also cause urinary tract infections through the urethra. The inflammation that occurs at the urethra can cause the urethra to narrow after healing, causing difficulty in urination.
(4) It even causes cancer: circumcision and prepuce have the possibility of inducing penile cancer. Circumcision is a carcinogenic substance, 85%-95% of penile cancer patients are circumcised or circumcised.
(5) Premature ejaculation: Premature ejaculation can easily be caused by the phenomenon of long foreskin, which will cause the glans to be very sensitive and ejaculate easily during sexual life.
2.Circumcision surgery indications
(1) Children with circumcision who are prevented from urinating or have recurrent infections due to narrow foreskin opening.
(2) Adults who suffer from circumcision or have recurrent infections due to circumcision.
Circumcision in children is normal. If infants have prepuce or children have circumcision, circumcision may not be performed if there are no complications. The circumcision of children under the age of 3 will disappear on its own as they grow older; another part of children will reveal the head of the penis as long as the foreskin is repeatedly retracted upward and the opening of the foreskin sac is enlarged.
(3) Diseases such as occult penis, hypospadias and coagulation dysfunction should be excluded.
3.Pre-operative preparation for circumcision
(1) Pre-operative cleaning. When cleaning, the foreskin should be turned over to expose the coronal sulcus and thoroughly remove the foreskin scale. However, we should pay attention to the fact that after cleaning, the foreskin should be reset in time to avoid causing penile foreskin entrapment.
(2) Combined circumcision, glansitis, the need to choose drugs and local immersion treatment, after the inflammation subsides and then surgery.
4.Circumcision method
Adult circumcision can be completed in an outpatient clinic under local anesthesia. At present, circumcision mainly has traditional circumcision, commercial ring circumcision, disposable rapid circumcision suture.
Among them, traditional circumcision is cheaper, and commercial ring circumciser is less chosen in recent years due to the long recovery time after surgery. Disposable rapid circumcision suture price is relatively higher, but the short operation time, less bleeding during surgery, fast post-operative recovery, neat and beautiful wounds and other advantages, in recent years, quite popular with patients.
5.Surgical risks and common complications
(1) Infection: preoperative foreskin, penile head inflammation can not be effectively controlled, incorrect circumcision of embedded prepuce, inattention to aseptic operation or rough surgical operation, postoperative urine contamination of the wound, etc. can lead to incision infection. After the infection occurs, a doctor should be sought immediately for treatment.
(2) Bleeding and hematoma: It often occurs in the superficial vein of the dorsal penis and the prepuce tether. Small hematomas can be bed rest and subside on their own, but large hematomas should be treated by a doctor immediately.
(3) Foreskin ligament edema: it can slowly subside after surgery, and can be treated by a doctor if necessary.
6.Post-operative precautions
(1) After circumcision surgery, it is best to rest for 1-2 days, you can rest in bed, or go online or read a book. Try to walk as little as possible to prevent bleeding after the operation.
(2) When urinating after surgery, try to avoid wetting the dressing, if the dressing is contaminated by urine, it should be changed in time. If you are a married man, you should pay attention to the fact that the couple must be separated for 2-3 months after surgery and try to avoid sexual impulses.
(3) Try to avoid sexual stimulation for 1 week after the operation to reduce penile erection, which may cause pain and bleeding.
(4) After surgery, try to hold the bandaged penis upright, i.e., with the head of the penis up, and then have it covered with tight underwear to hold the penis completely in place. In this way, the penis will only be rubbed in a small or no way when walking, reducing bleeding from the incision and alleviating pain and discomfort.
(5) Seek medical attention promptly if there is pain or bleeding.
(6) Prevent infection, usually oral antibacterial medication is sufficient, follow the doctor’s instructions for regular wound dressing changes and follow-up visits.