Sickle anemia, also known as hemoglobin S disease, is caused by the replacement of the normal glutamate in the sixth position on the beta chain by valine, a condition that causes red blood cells to distort in shape and take on a sickle shape, hence the name sickle anemia. Sickle anemia is a hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia that is clinically inherited in two ways: heterozygous and purely heterozygous. However, if both parents are sickle-cell anemia patients, their offspring will be pure congeners of sickle-cell anemia, in which case the patient’s symptoms will be very obvious, showing severe symptoms of hemolytic anemia, and the affected child will rarely live to adulthood, with a high death rate.