Neurosurgery mainly treats diseases involving the nervous system, and the common treatment is surgery. Each subdivision mainly treats different diseases, overall the diseases mainly treated by neurosurgery include craniocerebral trauma diseases, intracranial and intravertebral tumors, functional diseases of the nervous system, intracranial and intravertebral vascular diseases, infectious diseases of the central nervous system, congenital malformations of the skull and spinal cord and degenerative diseases of the spine, etc. Specialized disease classification can be made according to subdisciplinary classification: 1. Emergency Neurosurgery: mainly treats craniocerebral trauma diseases, commonly caused by car accidents and other accidental situations, such as craniocerebral injury, cerebral hemorrhage and other more serious and urgent surgical diseases; 2. Oncology neurosurgery: mainly treats intracranial and intraspinal tumors through surgery, such as cerebral hemisphere tumors, saddle area tumors, pineal tumors, posterior cranial fossa tumors, pituitary tumors, meningiomas, nerve sheath tumors, gliomas, astrocytomas, etc.; 3. Functional Neurosurgery: mainly treats functional diseases of the nervous system, such as facial spasm, epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, functional paralysis or limb weakness, Parkinson’s disease; 4. Vascular neurosurgery: mainly treats intracranial and intravertebral vascular diseases, commonly including intracranial hemorrhage, acute cerebral infarction, intracranial aneurysm, etc., ischemic stroke, vascular malformation, etc.; in addition, neurosurgery can also treat central nervous system In addition, neurosurgery can also treat infectious diseases of the central nervous system, such as intracranial infections caused by bacterial, tuberculosis, viral, fungal and parasitic infections; congenital malformations of the skull and spinal cord, such as congenital hydrocephalus, craniosynostosis and spina bifida; and degenerative diseases of the spine, such as disc herniation, cervical spondylosis and lumbar spinal stenosis.