Rehabilitation medicine is an important part of modern medical system. In the past, the medical profession invested the most energy and financial resources in clinical medicine, focusing on how to treat diseases; in recent years, with the improvement of living standards, the thirst for health makes the call for “treating the disease before it is diagnosed” higher and higher, and preventive medicine has been gradually emphasized; nowadays, due to the advancement of clinical medicine, the average life expectancy of human beings has been increasing, and the disease spectrum has been changing slowly. Nowadays, due to the progress of clinical medicine, the average life expectancy of human beings is increasing, the disease spectrum is slowly changing, acute diseases have been well controlled, and the increase of chronic diseases has become the number one enemy threatening health, and rehabilitation medicine is the medical science to help this part of the patients and the people who are injured or disabled due to diseases to eliminate or alleviate the dysfunction of physical, mental, and social aspects. Liu Shuo, Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CATCM), encountered a lot of misunderstandings and difficulties in the process of rehabilitation and treatment of tumor patients. The author, as a medical oncologist integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicines, believes that the words “out of the misunderstandings” are the only way towards the road to recovery. To “get out of the misunderstanding” means to correct some wrong ideas and concepts. The first misconception is: tumor = death. Of course, benign tumors are not scary, and the ones that cause panic are malignant tumors. What needs to be clarified is that some malignant tumors can be clinically cured through standardized and individualized comprehensive treatment; and for those patients who cannot be cured temporarily, the clinic has put forward the goal of “survival with tumor”. Chinese medicine theory emphasizes that “positive qi exists inside, and evil can not be dried up”, and western medicine believes that the onset and recurrence of tumor metastasis are related to “uncontrolled immune system”, so in order to live with the tumor peacefully, we can “support positive qi, consolidate and cultivate vitality” to suppress tumor evil, “suppress tumor evil,” and “strengthen and cultivate vital energy” to prevent the tumor from developing. In order to live with the tumor peacefully, we can inhibit the tumor evil by “supporting the vital energy and consolidating the vital energy” and monitor the tumor by “regulating the immune function of the body”, so as to reduce the recurrence and metastasis, and achieve the purpose of “survival with tumor”. It can be seen that tumor is not equal to death. The second misunderstanding is: tumor = infectious disease. “Is malignant tumor contagious?” is the question of many people, and some even wrongly believe that tumors are contagious, they avoid tumor patients for fear of infecting themselves, and some tumor patients refuse normal visits for fear of transmitting the disease to their family members. This all comes from the misunderstanding of tumor contagion, we should know that malignant tumor is a disease of over proliferation after malignant transformation of people’s own normal cells, while infectious disease is a kind of disease caused by various pathogens that can spread between people and people, animals and animals or people and animals, there is no pathogen in tumor, how can it be contagious? If tumors are contagious, the medical staff of oncology department in hospitals would have become the hardest hit area of tumor incidence, but this is not the case. But this is not the case. It can be seen that tumor is not equal to infectious disease. The third misunderstanding is that only Chinese medicine is recognized in rehabilitation and treatment, or only Western medicine is recognized. “Doctor, the side effects of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are too much for me to bear, so just prescribe Chinese medicine for me” is a request we often hear from patients in outpatient clinics; on the contrary, there are some patients who never accept the treatment of Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. However, in tumor rehabilitation and treatment, this misunderstanding not only exists in the concepts of patients and their families, but also exists in the understanding of some medical workers. Due to the lack of understanding of Chinese medicine, some Western medical practitioners do not recognize or even reject Chinese medicine; there are also some Chinese medicine practitioners who do not understand modern medicine and encourage patients to give up surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and only give traditional Chinese medicine to patients who need standard treatment. It has been proved that these one-sided views are unfavorable to the treatment effect and prognosis of the patients themselves. Western medical treatment is like a brave officer or soldier fighting on the battlefield, while Chinese medicine treatment is more like an instructor mobilizing the masses, doing ideological work and stabilizing the military mind. Western medical treatment is immediate and easy to repel the enemy’s attack, but at the same time, it will inevitably injure civilians, leading to obvious adverse reactions, damage to the vital energy, destruction of the immune system, easy to relapse and metastasis. Chinese medicine treatment is stable and long-lasting, which is conducive to consolidating the results of the battle, reducing casualties, recurrence and metastasis, but it cannot effectively resist the fierce attack of the enemy, and it is not suitable for use in the tumor progression stage. The use of medicine is like using soldiers, so is the choice of treatment and rehabilitation methods, which shows that TCM and Western medicine complement each other, and the joint combat can have the effect of 1+1>2. The fourth misconception is: health products = medicine. Survey data show that 33.1% of the population think that health care products are medicines, and 58.6% of the people can not tell whether health care products are medicines or food, and not a few tumor patients are taking health care products, and there are many people who refuse to take medicines and simply eat health care products. This practice of putting the cart before the horse is attributed to the wrong understanding, according to the Food Sanitation Law of the People’s Republic of China, health care products are suitable for a specific group of people, has the function of regulating the body, not for the purpose of treating diseases, with specific health care functions of food. If health products are used to replace drugs, it will bring a lot of troubles to tumor patients, such as delayed condition, toxic side effects, economic losses, etc. Therefore, health products should belong to the category of food, not drugs, not to replace drugs.