The hilum pulmonis is wider than the normal standard, and there is an oval depression in the center of the medial surface of the lung called hilus of lung,hilum pulmonis, which is where the main bronchi, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, and bronchial arteries, veins, lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit. There is an oblong depression in the middle of the mediastinal surface, called the hilum pulmonis. The upper part of the right pulmonary hilar is composed of the right upper pulmonary artery and branches of the pulmonary veins, and the lower part is composed of the right lower pulmonary artery; the left pulmonary hilar is composed of the left pulmonary artery and branches of the upper pulmonary veins. On the posterior-anterior chest image, the left pulmonary hilar is slightly higher than the right pulmonary hilar, and on the lateral chest image, the right pulmonary hilar is mostly located anteriorly and the left pulmonary hilar is located posteriorly. The abnormal changes such as enlargement and decrease in size suggest a lesion. Mediastinal Hodgkin’s lymphoma also causes widening of the hilum, and less than 10% of patients with primary mediastinal malignant lymphoma are asymptomatic, with no positive findings on routine physical examination or chest x-ray. 25% of patients have clinical symptoms. In the nodular sclerosis type, 90% of patients show mediastinal invasion, which may be accompanied by enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and slow growth of the invaded lymph nodes. Fifty percent of these patients have symptoms of mediastinal occupancy only, and most of them are women, aged 20-35 years. Patients present with local symptoms, local symptoms such as chest pain (sternum, scapula, shoulder, sometimes not related to breathing), tightness, cough (usually without sputum), dyspnea, hoarseness, caused by local compression. Mediastinal Hodgkin’s disease may present with pneumonia-like manifestations and pleural effusion if it invades the lungs, bronchi, and pleura. Some patients also have some systemic manifestations associated with lymphoma such as: It is one of the most common clinical manifestations, usually a low-grade fever. Sometimes it is also accompanied by hot flashes and temperature up to 40℃, which mostly appears at night and returns to normal in the morning. In the progressive phase, there are a few manifestations of periodic fever, which is generally uncommon and non-specific. It is accompanied by night sweats, which can last overnight to a lesser degree. Generalized pruritus is also present in the normal population, mostly in cases with lesions in the mediastinum or abdomen. In 17% to 20% of patients with Hodgkin’s disease, pain is localized to the lesion 20 min after drinking alcohol. The symptoms may precede other symptoms and X-ray manifestations and have some diagnostic significance. When the lesion remits or disappears, the ethanol pain disappears immediately, and can reappear when it relapses, and the mechanism is unknown. Cervical lymph node biopsy and mediastinal lymph node biopsy can help in the diagnosis. The latter is done by CT-guided puncture or mediastinoscopy. In addition to paying special attention to the patient’s various complaints and the location and size of the enlarged lymph nodes, primary mediastinal malignant lymphoma usually has few clinical symptoms, and abnormalities can be detected on physical examination and X-ray chest radiographs when symptoms of chest compression are present. The common X-ray manifestation of malignant lymphoma is enlargement of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes.