Today’s office workers are often sedentary, with limited joint movement and shortened soft tissues. However, limited joint movement may distort normal body biomechanics and predispose to the development of musculoskeletal disorders. In addition, studies have found that prolonged sitting is a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders. To test whether muscle exercise can reduce the incidence of low back pain in office workers, Professor Charles and others in Thailand conducted a randomized controlled study, the results of which were published in a recent issue of Eur Spine J. The 563 subjects (282 in the intervention group and 281 in the control group) had lower than normal spinal flexibility or muscular endurance. The exercise consisted of muscle stretching and muscle endurance training. Muscle stretching exercises required participants’ muscles (iliopsoas) to be in extension for 30 seconds, twice a day (10:00 am and 2:00 pm). Muscular endurance training was designed to increase the endurance of the erector spinae, multifidus, lumbricalis and transversus abdominis muscles. Participants were asked to repeatedly contract each muscle 10 times with 60 seconds interval for each muscle, 2 times a week (Wednesday and Sunday, at home).12 After 12 months, the incidence of low back pain, pain level, disability level, quality of life and health status were recorded. The results of the study showed that the incidence of low back pain was 8.8% and 19.7% in the intervention and control groups, respectively, at 1 year, and the risk ratio indicated that muscle exercise was effective in reducing the incidence of low back pain. However, there were no statistical differences between the exercise and non-exercise groups in terms of incidence, pain level, disability level, quality of life and health status. For patients with chronic low back pain, Shirado O et al. concluded that the effectiveness of exercise depends on patient adherence to exercise, and their findings showed that few patients were able to sustain exercise, with approximately 31% of patients performing stretching exercises and 55-57% performing endurance training. International clinical guidelines recommend supervised exercise therapy for patients with subacute and chronic low back pain. The shortcomings of this study are threefold: 1. The population of this study was a healthy population with lower than normal spinal flexibility or muscle endurance, and the findings are not applicable to other populations; 2. The study was not blinded to treatment allocation, but exercise therapy is difficult to blind to participation. However, more than two trial settings are equally plausible, and exercise interventions can be used to reduce the expectation bias of patients. 3, Biopsychological factors and diagnostic indicators of low back pain are subjective and affect the accuracy of the results. The results of this study suggest that muscle stretching and endurance exercise can reduce the incidence of low back pain in office workers with lower than normal spinal flexibility or muscle endurance.