Case: 23-year-old Zhu, Guangxi, sophomore, because of diarrhea in the last week, casually to the school near the pharmacy to buy some anti-inflammatory drugs (cephalosporin antibiotics), the results of eating found that their urine volume suddenly became less, to the local hospital test results suggest that: creatinine 491, the doctor said that it is acute renal failure. In the clinical consultation, we observed that “there are many hospitalized patients who suffer from acute renal failure due to overdose and improper use of drugs. For example, some patients take a bunch of anti-inflammatory drugs as soon as they catch a cold, or take a variety of cold medicines at once, which is dangerous.” Guangzhou’s best kidney disease hospital Southern Medical University Hospital of Chinese and Western combined key specialists reminded: if you suffer from certain diseases, you must do a good job of examination, clear diagnosis, never overdose of drugs, it is likely that a toxic reaction will occur, and the concentration of drugs in the urine will be further elevated, which will cause a toxic effect directly on the renal tubular cells. “Excessive improper use of drugs has become a non-negligible factor in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure. Observation of acute renal failure from the onset of patients is developing at an advanced age.” Prevention of acute renal failure, must start from the use of drugs acute renal failure according to the etiology can be divided into pre-renal, renal, post-renal 3 kinds. Among them, renal renal failure is mostly caused by various drugs such as gentamicin and streptomycin, but also caused by pesticides and heavy metals. Fang Medical University Hospital of Chinese and Western key specialist Dr. Feng reminded: buy over-the-counter drugs, be sure to read the instructions carefully, pay attention to the prescribed dosage of drugs, contraindications, etc., to avoid the use of other nephrotoxic drugs with. Link: the most kidney injury several types of drugs aminoglycosides: such as gentamicin, kanamycin and so on. Quinolones: such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and so on. Sulfonamides:e.g. cotrimoxazole. Contrast media:The hypertonicity of contrast media can exacerbate renal ischemia and can also be directly toxic to the kidneys. At the same time, because the contrast agent is an allergen, it can cause systemic allergic reactions involving the kidneys. Traditional Chinese medicines containing aristolochic acid:such as Aristolochia, Guanmutong, Tianxianteng, Qingmuxiang, Guangfengji, Bone-smoking Wind and so on. In addition, Lei Gong Teng, Shan Ci Gu, Ma San Guo, Petunia, Cang Er Zi, Poppy Shell, Cao Wu, Tian Ma, Lai Mei Root, Jun Junzi, Motherwort, Bai Hua Dan and Fat Hai Hai are all nephrotoxic.