Low back pain, leg numbness, and difficulty walking can all be symptoms of a herniated lumbar disc. What is a lumbar disc? The intervertebral disc is located between the two vertebrae of the spine, like a “spring cushion” with elasticity, which can reduce and buffer the shock of external forces on the spine and cranium. The intervertebral disc has a cartilaginous plate on the upper and lower sides, a ring of fibers around the periphery, and a water-rich nucleus pulposus in the middle. There are 23 intervertebral discs in the human body, and the disc in the lumbar region is the thickest, about 9 millimeters. People often refer to lumbar disc herniation, in fact, cervical and thoracic discs can also be herniated, different parts of the disc herniation patients have different clinical symptoms. The nucleus pulposus in the intervertebral disc is a water-rich gelatinous substance, somewhat like “jelly”. When the disc degenerates and the annulus fibrosus ruptures, the nucleus pulposus protrudes from the ruptured area. The lumbar disc is compared to a dumpling, the skin of the dumpling is the annulus fibrosus, and the filling of the dumpling is the nucleus pulposus. When the skin of the dumpling is cracked or ruptured, the filling of the dumpling will flow out from the rupture. The nucleus pulposus can herniate forward, backward or sideways. A herniated disc is usually a visual manifestation, and the patient may not always experience discomfort. Only when the herniated nucleus pulposus irritates or compresses the nerves, manifesting as a series of clinical symptoms such as swelling and pain in the lower back and legs, numbness, and weakness in the lower limbs, is it a herniated disc. A middle-aged patient was admitted to the hospital with the complaint of “recurrent lumbar pain with radiating pain in the left lower limb for more than 2 years, aggravation of pain with difficulty in walking for 10 days”. A few years ago, after exertion, lumbar distension was accompanied by radiating pain in the buttocks and the posterior side of the left lower extremity, which could be relieved by lying down and resting. 10 days ago, due to prolonged bending, the radiating pain in the buttocks and the posterior side of the left lower extremity was aggravated, and the pain was severe when standing and walking and was accompanied by numbness of the left plantar surface of the foot, and the left foot was weak to lift, which could not be relieved by lying down and resting. After examination; passive position, right lateral flexion of the lumbar spine was limited, left straight leg raising test 30° (+), left strengthening test (+), left Achilles tendon reflexes were weakened, left plantar flexion strength of the toes was decreased, left plantar sensation was slightly reduced, and the rest of the examination did not show any obvious abnormality. MRI of lumbar spine showed lumbar 5-sacral 1 disc herniation with prolapse and sacral 1 nerve root compression. After admission to the hospital, he was given neurotrophic and dehydration treatments, epidural nerve block treatment, the symptoms were relieved, but the pain and numbness of getting out of bed activities were still obvious. The patient was treated with percutaneous puncture intervertebral foraminoscopy for removal of the protruding intervertebral disc. The patient’s lumbar and left lower extremity pain and numbness were relieved immediately, and the muscle strength was restored. 3 days after the operation, the MRI showed that the protruding intervertebral disc was removed, and the nerve root was reset, and the patient recovered and was discharged from hospital after 1 week of hospitalization. This patient had recurrent lumbar pain with radiating pain in the left lower limb for more than 2 years, and the pain was aggravated with difficulty in walking for 10 days. 2 years ago, she had lumbar disc herniation, and the pressure on the nerve root could be relieved by resting because the herniation was not big. This time, because of bending for a long time, the nucleus pulposus tissue was dislodged from the ruptured annulus fibrosus into the vertebral canal again, and it stimulated the compression on the sensory and motor fibers of the nerve root. Sensory and motor fibers of the nerve roots were stimulated and compressed, causing pain, numbness and decreased muscle strength in the lumbar region and lower limbs. MRI of the lumbar spine showed that the lumbar 5-sacral 1 intervertebral disc was protruding with prolapse, and the sacral 1 nerve root was compressed. Combined with the history, physical examination, imaging and other auxiliary examinations, the patient was considered to have “lumbar disc herniation (lumbar 5-sacral 1 prolapse type)” and underwent “percutaneous perforation intervertebral foramenoscopy disc herniation removal surgery”, which relieved the nerve compression, and the patient’s symptoms were relieved immediately. In fact, lumbar disc herniation is not scary, as long as the diagnosis is clear, minimally invasive intervertebral foramenoscopy technology to accurately remove the protruding discs, immediate relief of pain, trauma is small, the risk is small, the cost is low, and the recovery is fast.