Epilepsy is a chronic recurrent transient brain dysfunction syndrome characterized by abnormal discharges of brain neurons causing recurrent epileptic seizures, which are generally difficult to detect early. Pediatric patients are even more important to observe because of their poor expressive skills. Early symptoms of childhood epilepsy are manifested as follows: infantile spasms: starting within 1 year of age, with a peak age of 4-6 months; most of them can be found in abnormal brain development, intrauterine infections, genetic metabolism, and other etiologies; manifested as a continuous series of spastic seizures (flexion, extension, or mixed type) often accompanied by intellectual and motor developmental stagnation or decompensation, with EEG showing disturbances in peak rhythms; after 2-3 years of age, they often turn into other types of seizures such as Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Pediatric benign epilepsy with central temporal spikes: accounts for about 1/4 of childhood epilepsy and often has a family history of epilepsy. The age of onset is 2 to 14 years, with a high incidence at 5 to 10 years. The typical onset is pain and numbness on one side of the tongue, face, and pharynx shortly after falling asleep or in the early morning when the child first wakes up. Otawara syndrome: Within 3 months of onset, mostly as early as one month, the main seizure type is spastic seizures, and the child has severe psychomotor developmental delays and arrests and significant brain imaging abnormalities. Acquired epileptic aphasia: most of the children are 2-8 years old, with normal language development before the onset of the disease and hearing loss within a short period of time, i.e., normal hearing but not comprehension, to progressive decline in oral expression or even complete inability to speak; mostly accompanied by various forms of seizures, such as generalized tonic clonic seizures, partial motor seizures, etc., with normal intelligence but often with varying degrees of behavioral impairment; EEG shows temporal area dominated by one or The EEG shows spikes and slow waves mainly in the temporal region, with increased discharges during sleep. Persistent partial epilepsy: the onset of epilepsy is usually between 2 and 12 years of age, manifested as localized clonic jerking of the face or limbs, without impairment of consciousness, and can be divided into 2 types: ①Kojevnikov syndrome, with clear causes of inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, etc., always with limited clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures appear later, EEG shows focal spikes and slow waves mainly in the central region, intellectual development is not affected, and the course of the disease is not progressive; ②Rasmussus syndrome, with a clear cause of inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, etc. Rasmussen syndrome, probably related to autoimmune mechanism, presents with persistent partial seizures with hemiparesis and mental retardation, early onset of myoclonic seizures, EEG shows diffuse and multifocal spike-and-slow wave bursts during interictal and ictal periods; the course of the disease is chronic and progressive. Generalized epilepsy with febrile convulsions add-on: an epilepsy syndrome diagnosed as a family as a whole, characterized by the presence of multiple phenotypes and multiple seizure forms in the febrile convulsion family, with children having febrile convulsions before 6 years of age and continuing to have tonic-clonic seizures with or without fever after 6 years of age, or with akathisia, myoclonic and atonic seizures, etc. The onset of CEFS+ is age-dependent, with febrile The prognosis is good, as the convulsions tend to resolve by the age of 6 years and the other seizure types largely disappear around puberty. The symptoms of pediatric epilepsy are diverse, most of which are difficult to detect early and cannot be diagnosed by symptoms alone, but they can cause great damage to the patient’s body functions and even threaten the patient’s life safety. Therefore, if the above-mentioned symptoms occur, it is important to seek timely medical examination to maintain or restore their original physiological and social functional status.