Central chondrosarcoma may present as osteolysis with vague borders, with or without interruption of cortical bone. Areas of x-ray opacity may be present within the tumor due to the tendency of the cartilage to calcify and ossify, and calcification often occurs around cartilage lobules without certain structure. It is characterized by irregular foggy granules, nodules or rings that are not X-ray transmissive. The disease is mainly seen in adults between 30 and 70 years of age, rare before 20 years of age, and rare before puberty. It is more common in men, with a male to female ratio of 1.5 to 2:1. It occurs in the femur, pelvis, humerus, scapula, and proximal tibia. It is less common in the trunk bone, radius, ulna, foot, and hand (chondromas are common in the hand and less common in the trunk bone). Central chondrosarcoma in the long bones often originates at one end of the diaphysis or epiphysis, usually in adults who have lost their growth cartilage, and the tumor often invades the epiphysis and may also invade the joint; central chondrosarcoma in the middle part of the diaphysis is rare, and by the time of diagnosis, the tumor has invaded 1/3, 1/2, or more of the entire long bone; central chondrosarcoma of the pelvis occurs in the periacetabular region (iliac bone, sit bones, or pubic bone); Central chondrosarcoma of the scapula is more likely to occur in the rostral process-articular pelvis region. Chondrosarcoma of the pelvis and scapula can also invade large portions of the bone. The disease is mild, slow to develop, and has a long history, sometimes presenting as a recurrent “chondrosarcoma-like” tumor after local surgery. The clinical picture is one of deep pain, which is not severe and is not persistent. Because the tumor has not yet expanded into the soft tissues, the extraosseous mass cannot be palpated and there is only slight bone enlargement; in the progressive stage of the tumor, a large spherical extraosseous mass may form. If the central chondrosarcoma is located in the spine, sacrum, ribs or pelvic area, it can compress the nerve trunk and cause severe pain with radiating pain. How to effectively prevent central chondrosarcoma? The treatment for central chondrosarcoma is surgical excision. At the time of initial diagnosis, most central chondrosarcomas do not yet have lung metastases, and surgical resection has a fairly high cure rate and is treated with limb preservation. Regardless of the histologic grade of central chondrosarcoma, curettage is inappropriate. Intra-lesion resection is only indicated for borderline cases between chondrosarcoma and grade I central chondrosarcoma, with the possibility of cure, but this intra-lesion resection must be extensive and with local adjuvants such as carbolic acid, bone cement and liquid nitrogen. Marginal resection of central chondrosarcoma must achieve extensive or radical resection. After marginal resection, the risk of tumor recurrence is high and increases with histologic malignancy. In most cases, limb preservation can be achieved using extensive resection. Amputation is indicated for central chondrosarcoma with large soft tissue tumors, especially in grade III central chondrosarcoma and antidifferentiated chondrosarcoma. Grade I central chondrosarcoma generally does not metastasize, and the tumor may recur locally if the surgical resection is not extensive enough. If grade I central chondrosarcoma invades the visceral cavity or spinal canal, it may lead to death. Although the disease course is slow, the histologic presentation may have no obvious malignant features. Grade II central chondrosarcoma is capable of early metastasis and has a high likelihood of local recurrence after surgery. If surgical treatment is timely and adequate, the cure rate is approximately 60%. The prognosis of grade III central chondrosarcoma is poor, with a survival rate of approximately 40%. The prognosis of central chondrosarcoma is essentially dependent on two factors: histologic malignancy and the correct surgical plan (extensive or radical resection without contamination).