The causes of lung cancer without gene mutation are complex, including bad living habits, occupational exposure, environmental pollution, and lung diseases.
1. Bad life habits, such as smoking. Nicotine and benzopyrene in tobacco are carcinogenic. Men who smoke for a long time are more likely to develop squamous lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, and women who are often exposed to second-hand smoke are more likely to develop lung adenocarcinoma.
2. Occupational exposure, some occupational exposure factors related to lung cancer include asbestos, coal tar, mustard gas; some heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, chromium, nickel, etc. and radioactive substances such as uranium and radium, ionizing radiation and microwave radiation; and some chemical substances such as trichloromethyl ether.
3. Environmental pollution, excessive PM2.5 in the atmosphere, excessive emission of automobile tailpipe, etc. may have correlation with the occurrence of lung cancer.
4. Lung diseases, such as history of tuberculosis, recurrent bronchodilatation, pathological changes of bronchial epithelium during chronic infection, such as metaplasia to squamous epithelium, which may become cancerous in the future.
At present, the causes and mechanisms of lung cancer are not very clear. In daily life, it is necessary to avoid the high-risk factors and predisposing factors derived from epidemiological analysis, so as to reduce the incidence of lung cancer.