What is a stoma? A “stoma” is caused by intestinal disease and requires surgical treatment to separate the intestinal canal and lead one end of the canal to the body surface to create an opening to decompress the intestine, relieve obstruction, protect the distal intestinal canal from anastomosis or injury, promote healing of intestinal disease, and even save the patient’s life. Types of stoma Common types of stoma include permanent colostomy and temporary stoma. Permanent stomas are usually located in the lower left abdomen and are permanent stomas of the descending colon or sigmoid colon. Temporary stomas are often chosen as ileostomies or transverse colostomies. The temporary stoma acts as a shunt and decompression and can be returned when the lower segment of the intestine has healed. The change in the physical appearance of “stoma patients” and the lack of control over excrement can cause problems in social interaction, diet, odor management, use of stoma bags, and other issues, and some people even feel pessimistic about life and lose confidence in their future. Therefore, as a special group in society, stoma patients need the care of their families, social help, rehabilitation guidance, and more importantly, the understanding of people and the recognition and support of society. What is the daily care for stoma patients? Generally, after the stoma patient is able to take care of himself/herself, he/she can be given guidance on daily life. You can wear the same clothes as before surgery or looser ones to avoid pressure on the stoma by the belt. ②Eating and drinking. When the gastrointestinal function is restored, the patient can resume the preoperative diet and habits, but try to eat less spicy, irritating, gas-producing and irritating food and drinks. ③Showering. Patients can wear the stoma bag in the shower, try not to soak in the bathtub; in the need to replace the stoma bag, you can remove the stoma bag directly in the shower, and then put on a new stoma bag after the shower. ④Work. With recovery of physical condition, enterostomates can return to work, but avoid heavy physical work to avoid the formation of parastomal hernia or stoma prolapse, etc. ⑤ Exercise. Usually you can participate in some physical exercise, but avoid strenuous sports and sports with physical contact, such as mikido; you can participate in activities such as taijiquan. ⑥Outdoors or travel. Encourage ostomates to go out for activities or travel, but prepare the ostomy supplies well before the trip; instruct ostomates how to find local ostomy institutions for help if they need ostomy treatment or ostomy supplies urgently in foreign countries. (7) Sexual life. Instruct ostomates to resume sexual life when they are physically recovered, but before sexual life both parties should be prepared psychologically, and ostomates should also do a good job of inspection to ensure that the ostomy bag is securely attached and does not leak; or use a fancier type ostomy bag. ⑧ Social activities. Encourage stoma patients to participate in various social activities. Some scholars have found that strengthening health education for stoma patients during the rehabilitation period, encouraging stoma patients to participate in stoma fellowship and various organized group activities can improve the quality of life of stoma patients. ⑨Discharge and odor management. Instruct ostomates to discharge excrement regularly and clean the stoma bag, and use a stoma bag with carbon tablets when the odor is large; or put the most suitable freshener inside the bag to remove the odor.