There are many causes of pain in the back of the head. The most common cause is migraine, called vascular tension pain. The triggering factor may be lack of sleep or poor local blood circulation to the blood vessels in the brain due to cold. It may also be caused by eating foods or drinks that stimulate the blood vessels in the brain, such as strong tea, coffee, and chocolate. Spicy, stimulating, too cold or too icy food may induce pain at the back of the head. Also, consider intracranial occupying lesions, such as brain tumors, and also the possible presence of sinusitis, which may also induce corresponding pain.