1.What is lumbar disc herniation? Strictly speaking, the clinical term lumbar disc herniation is more accurate and refers to the partial or complete rupture of the lumbar intervertebral disc fibrous ring with herniated nucleus pulposus compressing the nerve root or cauda equina nerve, resulting in lower back pain, hip pain, radiating leg pain, numbness, and urinary and fecal dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary widely, with varying degrees of severity. It is more common in men, with a high incidence in manual workers and a high incidence in young adults. In recent years, it has been found that the number of young office workers is gradually increasing. The main clinical manifestation of this disease is low back pain plus radiating pain in one or both lower limbs. However, it is obviously too simple and hasty to make a diagnosis based on just one sentence. A clear diagnosis is needed through physical examination, CT or MRI examination of the patient, and other diseases such as tumors in the lumbar spine and pelvis, tuberculosis, septic infection, lumbar spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, femoral head necrosis, etc. should also be excluded. Only if the diagnosis is clear, can the correct treatment be made. 2, it is generally believed that lumbar disc herniation is more in the elderly, how can such a problem also appear in the 20s? In fact, not only the elderly will suffer from lumbar disc herniation, this disease occurs mostly in young adults aged 20-50 years old, and more and more young people are suffering from lumbar disc herniation! It may be related to the lack of exercise and poor posture at work. Heavy laborers, employees who work long hours, drivers, etc. are the high-risk groups. When the pressure on the lumbar intervertebral disc exceeds the degree and amount of its load, it will lead to the occurrence of …… 3. Is it that frequent back pain is suffering from lumbar disc herniation? This is not necessarily, the degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc (also known as aging) plus acute and chronic injuries are the main factors that lead to lumbar disc herniation, long-term sitting or standing may lead to disc herniation, may also lead to lumbar muscle ligament strain. If there is lumbar pain and lower limb pain, then the possibility of lumbar disc herniation is very high. 4.What are the treatment methods for lumbar disc herniation? The treatment of lumbar disc herniation is broadly divided into conservative treatment (non-surgical treatment) and surgical treatment. There are many methods of conservative treatment. If it is in the acute stage, you should sleep in a relatively hard bed and rest, and after 2-3 weeks, you can gradually exercise the lumbar back muscles after the acute stage, but avoid sitting and standing for a long time and bending over to carry heavy objects. Lumbar traction is also an effective method for treating lumbar disc herniation, which can reduce the pressure of the disc on the nerve roots and thus relieve pain, but it is impossible to achieve the “return of the herniated disc, complete cure and never recurrence” as advertised in some advertisements; for those with obvious pain, intra-vertebral canal or sacral canal can also be adopted. For those with significant pain, intra-vertebral or intra-sacral canal closure can be performed. If the diagnosis is clear, the symptoms are very serious, and the effect of regular non-surgical treatment is not good, surgery is recommended. Nowadays, there are many methods of treating lumbar disc herniation, and there are many different opinions and opinions, but I would like to emphasize that any treatment method has its own indications, beyond which the effect is bound to be poor. There are many surgical methods, including minimally invasive and conventional surgery, minimally invasive including disc collagenase lysis, laser or ozone disc ablation, and various discoscopic discotomy or resection, each with its own indications and not applicable to every patient. For patients with simple lumbar disc herniation, we mostly choose small incisions for disc nucleotomy, which is less invasive, has a clear surgical view, and is safe and reliable. Of course, the specific method varies from person to person and is individualized. For combined spinal stenosis, adequate spinal decompression is required, and internal fixation and bone graft fusion is performed if necessary. On the same day or the next day after surgery, straight leg raising training of the lower limbs can be performed to prevent nerve root adhesions. In addition, for older patients, ankle flexion and extension activities must be performed as early as possible to prevent lower limb thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and depending on the surgical method and the patient’s condition, patients can get out of bed and walk a few days to a few weeks after surgery. Gradually carry out lumbar back muscle exercise, try to avoid heavy physical work, especially do not bend over to carry heavy objects. 5.Are there any exercises suitable for patients with lumbar disc herniation? After the acute period, you can do some simple and gentle exercises, such as walking and lumbar back exercises. 6.Will there be any consequence if this disease keeps dragging on without treatment? Most of the non-surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation can get temporary or long-term relief, but some patients will have recurrent attacks and even abnormal urinary and fecal functions, and some patients have serious results such as muscle atrophy of the lower limbs and inability to flex and extend the ankle joint, and this condition should be operated as early as possible. So take more rest, less strain, and visit the hospital regularly for a review of the changes in your condition. 7, lumbar disc herniation pain is particularly unpleasant, so how do we prevent it? Because of the work of many of us can not avoid long-term sitting posture, but it is recommended to sit for an hour or so, stand up to move the lumbar spine, do a health care gymnastics, take time after work fitness such as swimming, walking and lumbar back muscle exercise, lumbar back muscle is the first line of defense of the lumbar spine, lumbar back muscle is strong, the lumbar spine is more stable and less prone to lumbar disc herniation. For the driver friends recommended lumbar spine rear put a lumbar pillow can reduce lumbar disc pressure, in addition to drive about two hours also need to a safe place or service area to stop the car activity of your lumbar spine, cervical spine.