I am often struck by the anxiety and apprehension that some patients show after being prescribed medication for chronic hepatitis B. When they hear that nucleotide analogue therapy will take several years, they ask when they can stop taking the medication. Some patients even wonder if it will take that long. In fact, the indication for discontinuation of nucleoside analogs for chronic viral hepatitis B has been controversial. However, is it safe to discontinue medication? My opinion is that for young patients, the existing guidelines are not reliable and long-term treatment should be adhered to. Some patients consider discontinuing medication due to various special factors, how to discontinue safely? There are two key factors in the development of chronic viral hepatitis B, namely, virus and immunity, with viral replication causing immune clearance. Long-term oral nucleotide analogs can effectively inhibit viral replication, but whether or not a relapse occurs after drug discontinuation depends on the body’s immune factors. Only if effective immune factors are involved, the virus will not become positive again. But what do immune factors depend on? Healthy and active physical activity provides basal immune function. The application of appropriate immunostimulatory drugs such as thymidine, interleukin-2, interferon, etc. helps to consolidate the immune function. In particular, the positive immunomodulatory effect of interferon is very clear. How to determine if there is a relapse? For patients who are e antigen positive, after completing the e antigen seroconversion, it is crucial to look at the quantification of e antibody and surface antigen. If the surface antigen continues to increase and the e antibody gradually decreases, there is a risk of viral relapse and it is recommended to resume nucleotide analogue therapy or switch to immunomodulatory therapy such as interferon. For patients with chronic hepatitis B who are e antigen negative, the decision can only be made by looking at the trend of surface antigen changes.